Cognitive Milestones guide outlines the major thinking, learning, and problem solving abilities children typically reach at various ages and shows how these skills build on each other.
Early Childhood: Cognitive Milestones
Translated To:
Age & Milestones/Suggestions & Tips
2 Months Milestones:
Watches you as you move
Looks at a toy for several seconds
2 Months Suggestions & Tips:
Place a baby-safe mirror near your baby so they can look at themselves.
Look at pictures with bright colors or faces with your baby and talk about them.
4 Months Milestones:
Opens mouth to show they are hungry when a bottle or breast is present
Looks at their hands with interest
4 Months Suggestions & Tips:
Give safe toys for holding and placing in the mouth.
Play Peek-a-Boo.
Offer multiple toys to your child at once for them to play with.
6 Months Milestones:
Explores items by putting them in their mouth
Reaches to grab a toy
Closes lips to show they are done eating
6 Months Suggestions & Tips:
Offer safe toy options for exploring.
Place toys just out of reach and encourage them to reach.
Talk to your baby about the foods they eat.
9 Months Milestones:
Looks for dropped objects
Bangs things together
9 Months Suggestions & Tips:
Take turns dropping toys and picking them up.
Play drums with your baby with pots and pans.
1 Year Milestones:
Puts objects in containers
Looks for hidden toys
1 year Suggestions & Tips:
Dump toys out on the floor and pick them up together.
Let your child see you hide toys and then find them.
15 Months Milestones:
Uses objects for intended purpose
Stacks at least 2 objects
15 Months Suggestions & Tips:
Pretend to call on play phones.
Build structures with blocks together and encourage them to stack.
18 Months Milestones:
Copies you doing chores
Plays with toys in a simple way
18 Months Suggestions & Tips:
Encourage pretend play with brooms & play pans etc.
Play cars with your child.
2 Years Milestones:
Uses one hand while holding something in the other
Uses switches, knobs, buttons
Plays with more than one toy at a time
2 Years Suggestions & Tips:
Model using multiple objects at the same time.
Give toys with buttons or parts.
Encourage your child to help you with chores.
30 Months Milestones:
Uses objects to pretend
Shows problem-solving skills
Follows 2 step directions
Knows at least 1 color
30 Months Suggestions & Tips:
Give your child a large box and cut holes in it for pretend play.
Point out the colors of common household or natural objects.
Play with puzzles and give hints for turning pieces or placement.
3 Years Milestones:
Draws a circle when modeled
With a warning, avoids hot surfaces
3 Years Suggestions & Tips:
Take turns drawing circles in shaving cream on a table.
Discuss hot items and how they can burn, and praise your child for following safety rules.
4 Years Milestones:
Names a few colors of items
Can tell what comes next in a well known story
Draws a person with at least 3 body parts
4 Years Suggestions & Tips:
Paint with your child and discuss the colors being used.
Retell stories using the words first, next, and last.
Look in the mirror at your legs, arms, head, feet, and hands with your child.
5 Years Milestones:
Counts to 10 and names some #’s 1-5 when pointed to
Uses words referring to time
Pays attention for at least 5-10 min.
Writes some letters in name
Names some pointed out letters
5 Years Suggestions & Tips:
Play board games with numbers
Sing the days of the week.
Allow your child to wait for their turn.
Practice name writing in the sand.
Play “I Spy” with the alphabet.
Providing tools and tips to improve family-school relationships.